The Seated Buddha in Dharmachakra Pravartana Mudra from Bihar, created during the Pala period, represents the Buddha preaching his first sermon at Sarnath. Carved in black basalt, the Buddha sits cross-legged on a double-lotus throne, flanked by attendant bodhisattvas and smaller Buddhas. His hands form the Dharmachakra Mudra, symbolizing the Turning of the Wheel of Law. The composition reflects the Pala School’s refined modeling, serene expression, and intricate detailing, embodying both intellectual depth and spiritual radiance central to late Indian Buddhist sculpture